{"id":109063,"date":"2020-05-05T09:21:29","date_gmt":"2020-05-05T13:21:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/?p=109063"},"modified":"2024-02-09T11:55:34","modified_gmt":"2024-02-09T16:55:34","slug":"laws-that-punish-pregnant-drug-abusers-arent-working-new-study-finds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/laws-that-punish-pregnant-drug-abusers-arent-working-new-study-finds\/","title":{"rendered":"Laws That Punish Pregnant Drug Abusers Aren\u2019t Working, New Study Finds"},"content":{"rendered":"

A new study co-authored by a University of Central Florida researcher shows that laws that punish substance use during pregnancy actually do more harm than good.<\/p>\n

These unintended consequences include keeping women from getting the treatment they need and failing to reduce the number of babies addicted to drugs.<\/p>\n

The study, which was published Monday in the journal Health Affairs<\/em>, compared the effects of punitive polices in states that implemented them and those that didn\u2019t.<\/p>\n

The findings are increasingly important as instances of opioid use disorder at delivery continue to rise.<\/p>\n

\u201cOpioid use during pregnancy can harm both the mother and baby, and rates of opioid use disorder at delivery increased over 300 percent between 1999 and 2014,\u201d says Danielle Atkins, an assistant professor in UCF\u2019s College of Community Innovation and Education<\/a> and study co-author.<\/p>\n

\u201cStates have taken various approaches to address prenatal substance use, including policies that consider prenatal substance use as equivalent to child abuse or neglect,\u201d Atkins says. \u201cIn our study, we did not find evidence that having a punitive prenatal-substance-use policy reduced rates of babies born with withdrawal symptoms or maternal narcotic exposure at birth.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cWe found evidence, however, that punitive policies reduce substance use treatment admissions among pregnant women and that a smaller share of pregnant women are referred to treatment by health care providers in states with punitive policies,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n

For the study, Atkins and co-author Christine Piette Durrance, an associate professor in the Department of Public Policy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, used data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project\u2019s State Inpatient Databases, which has records for 95 percent of hospital discharges from 37 states.<\/p>\n

From that data, they counted the number of babies born with withdrawal symptoms and affected by maternal narcotics exposure from 2000 to 2014.<\/p>\n

They also used data from the Treatment Episode Data Set \u2013 Admissions, a national data system of annual admissions to substance abuse treatment facilities, to identify the number of pregnant women admitted to treatment by state and year.<\/p>\n

For prenatal-substance-use policies implemented in different states, they used information from the Guttmacher Institute, State Policies in Brief, Substance Abuse During Pregnancy, bi-annual reports.<\/p>\n

When they compared the proportion of pregnant women admitted to treatment before punitive policies were enacted to after, and with states that had those policies and those that didn\u2019t, they found that treatment admissions for pregnant women dropped by 29 percent and referrals to treatment by health care professionals decreased by 18 percent when punitive laws were put in place.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, punitive policies were not statistically significantly related to the number of babies born with withdrawal symptoms or exposed to narcotics.<\/p>\n

\u201cThese results provide population-based evidence of the effect of punitive prenatal-substance-use policies on birth outcomes and substance use treatment admissions,\u201d Atkins says. \u201cAlthough proponents of punitive prenatal-substance-use policies often cite improved birth outcomes for infants as one policy aim, our results do not support this.\u201d<\/p>\n

She says alternatives to punitive laws include improved access to medication-assisted treatment with methadone or buprenorphine, along with prenatal care and behavioral health counseling.<\/p>\n

Atkins also noted the complex nature of prenatal substance abuse, such as whether prenatal opioid exposure was the result of a medically used prescription, and barriers to treatment, such as cost, availability and stigma.<\/p>\n

Atkins received her doctorate in public administration and policy with a specialization in health policy and Master of Public Administration from the University of Georgia and bachelor\u2019s degree in psychology from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. She joined UCF\u2019s Department of Health Management and Informatics<\/a>, part of UCF\u2019s College of Community Innovation and Education, in 2016.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The findings are increasingly important as instances of opioid use disorder at delivery continue to rise.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":199,"featured_media":109131,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"lazy_load_responsive_images_disabled":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[9605],"tu_author":[],"class_list":["post-109063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-department-of-health-management-and-informatics"],"yoast_head":"\nLaws That Punish Pregnant Drug Abusers Aren\u2019t Working, New Study Finds | University of Central Florida News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The findings are increasingly important as instances of opioid use disorder at delivery continue to rise.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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