{"id":114361,"date":"2020-10-13T08:39:35","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T12:39:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/?p=114361"},"modified":"2021-06-14T10:09:16","modified_gmt":"2021-06-14T14:09:16","slug":"ucf-researchers-are-working-on-tech-so-machines-can-thermally-breathe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/ucf-researchers-are-working-on-tech-so-machines-can-thermally-breathe\/","title":{"rendered":"UCF Researchers Are Working on Tech So Machines Can Thermally \u2018Breathe\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the era of electric cars, machine learning and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/space\/\">ultra-efficient vehicles for space travel<\/a>, computers and hardware are operating faster and more efficiently. But this increase in power comes with a trade-off: They get superhot.<\/p>\n<p>To counter this, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/research\/\">University of Central Florida researchers<\/a> are developing a way for large machines to \u201cbreathe\u201d in and out cooling blasts of water to keep their systems from overheating.<\/p>\n<p>The findings are detailed in a recent study in the journal <em>Physical Review Fluids<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The process is much like how humans and some animals breath in air to cool their bodies down, except in this case, the machines would be breathing in cool blasts of water, says Khan Rabbi, a doctoral candidate in UCF\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/mae.ucf.edu\/\">Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering<\/a> and lead author of the study.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_114376\" style=\"max-width: 300px;\" class=\"figure float-right\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"figure-img  img-fluid w-100 wp-image-114376 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Stacks of computer systems\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"figure-img  img-fluid w-100 wp-image-114376 size-medium lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20300%20200%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Stacks of computer systems\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20300%20200%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web.jpg 1200w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2020\/10\/jet_cooling_for_web-300x200.jpg\"><figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">UCF researchers are developing ways to cool large machines, including computer systems. Photo credit: Adobe Stock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cOur technique used a pulsed water-jet to cool a hot titanium surface,\u201d Rabbi says. \u201cThe more water we pumped out of the spray jet nozzles, the greater the amount of heat that transferred between the solid titanium surface and the water droplets, thus cooling the titanium. Fundamentally, an idea of optimum jet-pulsation needs to be generated to ensure maximum heat transfer performance.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt is essentially like exhaling the heat from the surface,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>The water is emitted from small water-jet nozzles, about 10 times the thickness of a human hair, that douse a hot surface of a large electronic system, and the water is collected in a storage chamber, where it can be pumped out and circulated again to repeat the cooling process. The storage chamber in their study held about 10 ounces of water.<\/p>\n<p>Using high-speed, infrared thermal imaging, the researchers were able to find the optimum amount of water for maximum cooling performance.<\/p>\n<p>Rabbi says everyday applications for the system could include cooling large electronics, space vehicles, batteries in electric vehicles and gas turbines.<\/p>\n<p>Shawn Putnam, an associate professor in UCF\u2019s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and study co-author, says that this research is part of an effort to explore different techniques to efficiently cool hot devices and surfaces.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMost likely, the most versatile and efficient cooling technology will take advantage of several different cooling mechanisms, where pulsed jet cooling is expected to be one of these key contributors,\u201d Putnam says.<\/p>\n<p>The researcher says there are multiple ways to cool hot hardware, but water-jet cooling is a preferred method because it can be adjusted to different directions, has good heat-transfer ability, and uses minimum amounts of water or liquid coolant.<\/p>\n<p>However, it has its drawbacks, namely either over or underwatering that results in floods or dry hotspots.<\/p>\n<p>The UCF method overcomes this problem by offering a system that is tunable to hardware needs so that the only water applied is the amount needed and in the right spot.<\/p>\n<p>The technology is needed since once device temperatures surpass a threshold value, for example, 194 degrees Fahrenheit, the device\u2019s performance decreases, Rabbi says.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor this reason, we need better cooling technologies in place to keep the device temperature well within the maximum temperature for optimum operation,&#8221; he says. \u201cWe believe this study will provide engineers, scientists and researchers a unique understanding to develop future generation liquid cooling systems.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Jake Carter, a former undergraduate in UCF\u2019s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and now a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, also co-authored the study.<\/p>\n<p>Rabbi received his bachelor\u2019s in mechanical engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology and joined UCF\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/degree\/mechanical-engineering-phd\/\">mechanical engineering doctoral program<\/a> in 2017. Since starting at UCF, he has also completed successful internships with Nokia Bell Labs and semiconductor equipment supplier ASML.<\/p>\n<p>Putnam received his doctorate in materials science and engineering from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and his bachelor of physics and bachelor of science in applied mathematics degrees from the University of Minnesota Duluth. He joined UCF\u2019s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, part of UCF\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/college\/engineering-computer-science\/\">College of Engineering and Computer Science<\/a>, in 2012.<\/p>\n<p>The research was funded by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><em>The UCF researchers are developing a way for large machines to \u201cbreathe\u201d in and out cooling blasts of water to keep their systems from overheating.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":114365,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"lazy_load_responsive_images_disabled":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[5,23,24],"tags":[973,17393,3047],"tu_author":[],"class_list":["post-114361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-colleges","category-research","category-science-technology","tag-college-of-engineering-and-computer-science","tag-department-of-mechanical-and-aerospace-engineering","tag-mechanical-engineering"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>UCF Researchers Are Working So Machines Can Thermally \u2018Breathe\u2019<\/title>\n<meta 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