{"id":153984,"date":"2026-07-01T09:00:05","date_gmt":"2026-07-01T13:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/?p=153984"},"modified":"2026-07-01T09:40:11","modified_gmt":"2026-07-01T13:40:11","slug":"using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\/","title":{"rendered":"Using Mechanical Vibrations to Stabilize Quantum Information"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Quantum computers&nbsp;could&nbsp;one day solve problems beyond the reach of even the world\u2019s most powerful supercomputers, accelerating everything from drug discovery to the development of advanced materials and cleaner energy technologies.<\/p>\n<p>But the fragile quantum states that&nbsp;make&nbsp;such machines possible are notoriously easy to disrupt.&nbsp;Even tiny changes in the environment&nbsp;\u2014&nbsp;such as stray radio waves, small fluctuations in temperature or slight physical vibrations&nbsp;\u2014&nbsp;can&nbsp;interfere with&nbsp;calculations, introduce&nbsp;errors&nbsp;and disrupt quantum coherence.<\/p>\n<p>To help address this challenge,&nbsp;Assistant Professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/sciences.ucf.edu\/physics\/\">Physics<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sciences.ucf.edu\/physics\/person\/han-zhao\/\">Han Zhao<\/a> is developing&nbsp;a new approach&nbsp;that combines superconducting quantum systems with nanomechanical devices to make quantum operations&nbsp;more&nbsp;resistant&nbsp;to&nbsp;noise and&nbsp;errors.<\/p>\n<h2>Supporting New Quantum Research<\/h2>\n<p>\u201cThe future of quantum computing will be its real-world&nbsp;breakthrough&nbsp;applications in science and the economy,\u201d&nbsp;Zhao says. \u201cSo&nbsp;it is absolutely true that practical quantum computers need to address the fragility of quantum states.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_153991\" style=\"max-width: 1181px;\" class=\"figure\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1181\" height=\"800\" class=\"figure-img size-full wp-image-153991 img-fluid\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full.jpg\" alt=\"Three researchers gathered around computer monitors in a lab, one pointing at a screen while others watch, illustrating collaborative data review during experiments on superconducting and mechanical quantum systems.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full.jpg 1181w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-756x512.jpg 756w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-591x400.jpg 591w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-360x244.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1181px) 100vw, 1181px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1181\" height=\"800\" class=\"figure-img size-full wp-image-153991 img-fluid lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201181%20800%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Three researchers gathered around computer monitors in a lab, one pointing at a screen while others watch, illustrating collaborative data review during experiments on superconducting and mechanical quantum systems.\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201181%20800%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 1181w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1181px) 100vw, 1181px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full.jpg 1181w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-756x512.jpg 756w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-591x400.jpg 591w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full-360x244.jpg 360w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-and-Grads-at-Terminal-2Z7A1011-full.jpg\"><figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">Han Zhao (center) reviews experimental data with graduate students as they test a topological \u201cbraiding\u201d approach to make quantum operations more resistant to noise. (Photo by Antoine Hart)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The project&nbsp;is&nbsp;supported&nbsp;through the&nbsp;highly&nbsp;competitive&nbsp;Oak Ridge Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award program, which provides seed funding to early-career faculty conducting research in science and engineering. The funding&nbsp;supports&nbsp;graduate student research and the acquisition of specialized superconducting quantum hardware used in the experiments. The project will also&nbsp;leverage&nbsp;UCF\u2019s nanofabrication facilities and quantum research infrastructure, including advanced waveform control systems and superconducting quantum hardware.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe most inspiring aspect of receiving the award for me is to know that the scientific merit of the proposed research received extremely positive recognition in the community,\u201d Zhao says. \u201cThis means our lab is on the right track to&nbsp;accomplish&nbsp;research of high importance. We are also grateful for the support of getting students involved in advanced experimental quantum research.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Entangling Quantum States Through Braids<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cNow, imagine the strands as the evolution of the quantum excitations and the knots as the entangled quantum states. The process of achieving a certain quantum state, i.e., the knot, can have various wiggles due to noise and control imperfection, but as long as it follows a certain pattern, it will result in a high-fidelity quantum operation.&#8221;\u2014Han Zhao, assistant professor of physics<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>There are&nbsp;generally two&nbsp;approaches to mitigate error rates in quantum computing, Zhao says. The first is&nbsp;quantum error correction (QEC), which uses multiple physical qubits&nbsp;(the basic unit of quantum information)&nbsp;to&nbsp;protect&nbsp;logical qubits, the&nbsp;encoded&nbsp;units&nbsp;of&nbsp;quantum&nbsp;information used for&nbsp;computation. However, QEC&nbsp;requires&nbsp;substantial hardware resources.<\/p>\n<p>Zhao\u2019s research explores an alternative approach that seeks to make quantum operations themselves more resistant to noise and errors. His efforts focus on developing a more fault-tolerant method for quantum entanglement using superconducting quantum systems and nanomechanical devices operating at temperatures near absolute zero.<\/p>\n<p>At the center of the project are tiny mechanical resonators&nbsp;\u2014&nbsp;microscopic vibrating structures capable of interacting with microwave signals inside superconducting quantum circuits. By carefully controlling these interactions, Zhao aims to create a topological \u201cbraiding\u201d process in which quantum states cyclically exchange&nbsp;properties&nbsp;in a predictable and stable way.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike&nbsp;conventional&nbsp;quantum operations that rely on extremely precise control sequences, the braiding process is designed to be inherently more resistant to environmental noise and small operational errors. Because the&nbsp;process depends more on the overall&nbsp;pattern of the interaction rather than every exact microscopic detail, the approach could help reduce the impact of noise and small hardware imperfections.&nbsp;Zhao compares the process to tying a shoelace.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBraiding means winding multiple strands to form or undo knots,\u201d Zhao says. \u201cThe formation of a knot, like&nbsp;how you tie a&nbsp;shoelace, does not need to be exact every time and can tolerate large wiggle room for the strands to deviate.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNow, imagine&nbsp;the strands&nbsp;as the evolution of the quantum excitations and the knots as the entangled quantum states,\u201d he continues.&nbsp;\u201cThe process of achieving a certain&nbsp;quantum state, i.e., the knot, can have various wiggles&nbsp;due to noise and control imperfection,&nbsp;but&nbsp;as long as&nbsp;it&nbsp;follows a certain pattern, it&nbsp;will result in a high-fidelity quantum operation. And this certain pattern is dictated by the intrinsic topology of the engineered interaction between superconducting quantum circuits and the mechanical resonators in an open quantum system.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>A Stable Quantum State at Absolute Zero<\/h2>\n<p>To perform these experiments, Zhao\u2019s lab uses superconducting quantum systems inside a specialized dilution refrigerator.&nbsp;Operating at these extreme temperatures helps&nbsp;eliminate&nbsp;thermal noise that would otherwise disrupt delicate quantum behavior. The refrigerator, which cools the system to just a fraction of a degree above absolute zero, creates the ultra-stable environment needed for superconducting circuits and quantum mechanical interactions to function reliably.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_153996\" style=\"max-width: 1200px;\" class=\"figure\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"figure-img size-full wp-image-153996 img-fluid\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full.jpg\" alt=\"Han Zhao pointing at a control panel while using a laptop, showing hands-on setup and data review for superconducting and nanomechanical experiments.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-360x240.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"figure-img size-full wp-image-153996 img-fluid lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201200%20800%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Han Zhao pointing at a control panel while using a laptop, showing hands-on setup and data review for superconducting and nanomechanical experiments.\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201200%20800%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full-360x240.jpg 360w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao-at-Terminal-Alone-2Z7A0998-full.jpg\"><figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">Han Zhao checks instrument controls and reviews control sequences on a laptop during setup of experiments funded by the Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award. (Photo by Antoine Hart)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Within this environment, Zhao\u2019s team studies how microwave signals and tiny vibrating mechanical resonators can exchange quantum information through carefully controlled interactions.<\/p>\n<p>Traditionally,&nbsp;researchers&nbsp;have&nbsp;sought&nbsp;to&nbsp;isolate&nbsp;quantum systems from&nbsp;the&nbsp;external&nbsp;environment as much as possible when&nbsp;building&nbsp;quantum computers, says Zhao.&nbsp;However, these physical systems are constantly interacting with their&nbsp;environment&nbsp;and&nbsp;should be used to generate new ways of thinking about&nbsp;the methods&nbsp;of quantum information processing.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPractically, the ultimate success will be a big step towards a fault-tolerant quantum computing that solves problems beyond the capability of modern computing technology&nbsp;for applications in quantum simulations, complicated optimizations in relevance with the global economy and information security,\u201d&nbsp;Zhao says.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><em>This research is supported by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award program under Award No. FP00012463. Matching support for the project is provided by&nbsp;UCF.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Through the Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award, UCF physicist Han Zhao is developing a new method for stabilizing quantum operations that could help make future quantum computers more reliable.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8713,"featured_media":153988,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"lazy_load_responsive_images_disabled":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[10899,54918],"tu_author":[],"class_list":["post-153984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-department-of-physics","tag-quantum-computing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Using Mechanical Vibrations to Stabilize Quantum Information | University of Central Florida News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Through the Ralph E. 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Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award, UCF physicist Han Zhao is developing a new method for stabilizing quantum operations that could help make future quantum computers more reliable.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"University of Central Florida News | UCF Today\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/UCF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-01T13:00:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-01T13:40:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2026\/06\/Zhao2Z7A0985-full.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1181\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Andrew Miller\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@UCF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@UCF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Andrew Miller\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Andrew Miller\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/40c9637d00a4df5d09aca311b65cef6a\"},\"headline\":\"Using Mechanical Vibrations to Stabilize Quantum Information\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-01T13:00:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-01T13:40:11+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":988,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/20\\\/files\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/Zhao2Z7A0985-full.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Department of Physics\",\"Quantum Computing\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Research\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2026\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/\",\"name\":\"Using Mechanical Vibrations to Stabilize Quantum Information | University of Central Florida News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/using-mechanical-vibrations-to-stabilize-quantum-information\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/20\\\/files\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/Zhao2Z7A0985-full.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-01T13:00:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-01T13:40:11+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/40c9637d00a4df5d09aca311b65cef6a\"},\"description\":\"Through the Ralph E. 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Zhao\u2019s work on stabilizing quantum operations with mechanical vibrations is supported by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award. 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